Treatment of SIBO

Treatment of SIBO

It is very important to note again that if you notice any symptoms of SIBO and it starts to get worse, for example, food runs through the digestive system in 1 hour and it seems to be undigested, see a doctor immediately. Antibiotic (rifaximin) is usually given to treat SIBO, which only works in the gut. 1 cure may not be enough.

I had 5. However, if your symptoms return despite medication, you can to try the alternative suggestions below. If the symptoms of SIBO have resolved with rifaximin, it is still advisable to use the alternative protocol mentioned below.

Remember, this is your intestinal system, the health of which affects many physiological processes, so your quality of life is highly dependent on the health of your intestinal system. It is worth maintaining it even after recovery.

Treatment of SIBO

Steps you need to follow!

Don’t feed the pathogens

Effective treatment of SIBO begins by inhibiting the growth of bacteria. The first step is to remove the foods that feed the bacteria. These include sugar, alcohol, and all kinds of carbohydrates. Intake of complex carbohydrates such as cereals, beans, pumpkins, or sweet potatoes, only low-sugar fruits can be eaten.
With SIBO, starch-free vegetables, leafy vegetables, lean colds and healthy fats can be consumed and it is worth avoiding gluten and dairy products for a while.
Other inflammatory foods, corn, soy, refined sugar, GMOs and other processed foods should also be excluded from the diet. At the same time, it is advisable to follow an elimination diet for histamine intolerance, ie it is recommended to eat foods with a low histamine content. You can find the list of dishes you can eat in

Eridication of pathogens

Unfortunately only by diet you won’t really managet get rid of SIBO permanently. Antibiotics may be needed in almost all cases. There are 2 active substances used abroad, one is Rifaximin, the other is effective against hydrogen-dominant SIBO and the other is more successful than methane-dominant SIBO. Rifaximin (Normix) is used at home. These antibiotics are essential to kill pathogens with specific SIBO symptoms with the least amount of damage to the good bacteria in your microbiome.
After a course of antibiotics, someone who has severe or recurrent symptoms may want to take Berberin as a cure to prevent the symptoms from returning. Berberine is a wonderful drug.
In addition to its many positive physiological effects (promoting weight loss, supporting the cardiovascular system, etc.), it destroys pathogens from the intestinal tract.

Effect of berberine on SIBO

Berberin inhibits the growth of pathogenic bacteria that cause diarrhea, thereby relieving the symptoms of diarrhea. SIBO can be a great help in case of intestinal inflammation problems.
Insulin resistance often develops as a result of intestinal problems. The blood sugar optimizing effect of Berberin prevents the development of insulin resistance and reverses existing insulin resistance, promotes weight loss

It also inhibits Candida overgrowth, SIBO and prevents leakage. Berberine does not choose between good and bad bacteria, but it does less harm to good bacteria than antibiotics. It is worth taking it with a probiotic, but while the eradication is in progress, only soil bacteria should be taken, followed by others. This will be discussed later.
You can find Berberin in the webshop here: Berberin

If you have a rash, Oregano capsules can be good to take as a fire extinguisher due to its antimicrobial effect.

Initial malaise

Although many patients feel better soon after starting treatment, there are those who experience the negative effects of bacterial death almost immediately. Dying bacteria often begin to produce amounts of toxins that the body cannot handle, causing unpleasant symptoms. You should not be afraid if you notice any of the following symptoms:

  • Brain fog
  • Memory impairment
  • Dizziness
  • Headache
  • Fatigue
  • Anxiety or irritability
  • Gas formation, bloating
  • Diarrhea or constipation
  • Joint and muscle pain

Although the symptoms are not pleasant, they indicate that you are well on your way to recovery.
3 detoxification options if you are very bothered by the above symptoms:
Sit in an infrared sauna, which is tolerated relatively well by the body, even in the case of histamine intolerance, so that toxins are cleared quickly through sweating.
Soak yourself in bitter water for half an hour. The epsom salt breaks down into magnesium and sulfates and is absorbed through the skin, reducing muscle pain, cramps and even detoxifying (put 30g of epsom salt and 30g of baking soda in 1 tub of water)
Take a charcoal tablet. Carbon binds toxins and removes them from the body.
In all three cases, drink a lot. Preferably 3 l of clean water.

Restore good bacteria

It is a very important step to restore good bacteria in the gut for optimal digestion and absorption of nutrients.
It is advisable to take a probiotic only after the antibiotic and only what has been detected in the Intestinal genome or a simpler intestinal flora status test. If you are not taking a probiotic to make up for the missing bacteria in your gut, you are not actually doing anything, but you may even be doing yourself a foul because an overgrowth of good bacteria can result in SIBO !!!!

Among the good bacteria in the small intestine, lactobacillus or bifidobacterium species tend to multiply. The small intestine is not meant for bacteria to rest in it. Since most probiotic preparations contain lactobacillus or bifidobacteria, using this type of probiotic will only increase the bacteria in your small intestine by throwing oil on the fire. This is why it is very important to know the composition of your intestinal flora.

In the case of SIBO,

it is recommended to use only soil-based probiotics to reduce symptoms, regardless of the condition of the intestinal flora. They contain innovative strains of bacteria that efficiently produce highly bioavailable antioxidants and riboflavin, precisely at the site of absorption. Riboflavin is an essential nutrient for maintaining a healthy digestive system. Soil-based probiotics do not aggravate the symptoms because they do not colonize the small intestine or nourish the bacteria that are already growing there. So they do not populate the small intestine, but start to multiply in the colon.
Probiotic in the webshop at LactoSpore probiotic

You may also want to consume a digestive enzyme to prevent the fermentation of food due to your poor digestion, which is good for bad bacteria.
You can find a digestive enzyme in the webshop: Opti7 Dygest Enzyme

Treatment of leaking gut

The treatment of leaking gut can be speeded up by taking quality L-Glutamine. L-Glutamine strengthens the intestinal mucosa, helps cells produce more mucus and more Immunoglobulin A, regenerates intestinal wall cells, closes the duct openings between intestinal wall cells.
You can buy it here in the webshop: Glutamine

STRESS MANAGEMENT

Introduce a perfect stress-relieving routine into your everyday life so that your body can regenerate with peace of mind, such as:
Infrared sauna therapy 2x a week
Mild exercise: yoga or long walks, cycling
Body massage, foot massage
Avoid evening blue light exposure which can disturb your sleep as good night’s sleep is essential for proper recovery and recovery

SIBO treatment summary

  1. Low FODMAP Diet
  2. Berberine -Antimicrobial effect
  3. Dygest Enzyme – Digestive Support
  4. Glutamine – Treatment of leaky gut
  5. Soil based Probiotics – Intestinal Regeneration

If you have Microbiome test done, you can take probiotics according to the result of the test but only after antibiotic or Berberine treatment.

A 1-2 week course of oregano oil is also recommended to maintain the condition. Berberine kills also good bacteria, so it is only recommended for SIBO symptoms or severe diarrhea. In milder cases, oregano is better.

Five facts about SIBO

Foods in SIBO

Symptoms and causes of SIBO

Diagnosis of SIBO

SIBO aggravating factors

Resources
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Goustard-Langelier B, Guesnet P, Durand G,et al. n-3 and n-6 fatty acid enrichment by dietary $sh oil and phospholipid sources in brain cortical areas and nonneural tissues of formula-fed piglets. Lipids 1999;34:5-16.

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Maki KC, Reeves MS, Farmer M, et al. Krill oil supplementation increases plasma concentrations of eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids in overweight and obese men and women. Nutr Res 2009;29:609-615.

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Bunea R, El Farrah K, Deutsch L. Evaluation of the effects of Neptune Krill Oil on the clinical course of hyperlipidemia. Altern Med Rev 2004:9:420-428.

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Sampalis F, Bunea R, Pelland MF, et al. Evaluation of the effects of Neptune Krill Oil on the management of premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrhea. Altern Med Rev 2003;8:171-179.

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Deutsch L. Evaluation of the effect of Neptune Krill Oil on chronic inflammation and arthritic symptoms. J Am Coll Nutr 2007:26:39-48.

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Chang JP, Chen YT, Su KP. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs) in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and depression: Cardiovasc Psychiatry Neurol 2009;2009:725310. Epub 2009 Sep 27.

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Breslow J. n-3 fatty acids and cardiovascular disease. Am J Clin Nutr 2006;83:1477S-1482S.

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Calzolari I, Fumagalli S, Marchionni N, DiBari M. Polyunsaturated fatty acids and cardiovascular disease. Curr Pharm Des 2009;15:4094-4102.

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No authors listed. Phosphatidylcholine. Altern Med Rev 2002;7:150-154.

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Naguib YM. Antioxidant activities of astaxanthin and related carotenoids. J Agric Food Chem 2000;48:1150-1154.

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Amate L, Gil A, Ramirez M. Feeding infant piglets formula with long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids as triacylglycerols or phospholipids influences the distribution of these fatty acids in plasma lipoprotein fractions. J Nutr 2001;131:1250-1255.

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Tandy S, Chung RW, Wat E, et al. Dietary krill oil supplementation reduces hepatic osteatosis, glycemia, and hypercholesterolemia in high-fat-fed mice. J Agric Food Chem 2009;57:9339-9345.

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Else PL, Hulbert AJ. Membranes as metabolic pacemakers. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2003;30:559-564

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Kidd PM. Omega-3 DHA and EPA for cognition, behavior, and mood: clinical findings and structural-functional synergies with cell membrane phospholipids. Altern Med Rev. 2007 Sep;12(3):207-27.

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Konagai C, Yanagimoto K, Hayamizu K, Han L, Tsuji T, Koga Y. Effects of krill oil containing n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in phospholipid form on human brain function: a randomized controlled trial in healthy elderly volunteers. Clin Interv Aging. 2013;8:1247-57.

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Ebrahimi M, Ghayour-Mobarhan M, Rezaiean S, et al. Omega-3 fatty acid supplements improve the cardiovascular risk profile of subjects with metabolic syndrome, including markers of inflammation and auto-immunity. Acta Cardiol. 2009 Jun;64(3):321-7.

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Derosa G, Cicero AF, Fogari E, et al. Effects of n-3 PUFAs on postprandial variation of metalloproteinases, and inflammatory and insulin resistance parameters in dyslipidemic patients: evaluation with euglycemic clamp and oral fat load. J Clin Lipidol. 2012 Nov-Dec;6(6):553-64.

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    How I developed Intestinal Dysbiosis

    How I developed Intestinal Dysbiosis

    Let’s start with a bit of concept definition. Intestinal dysbiosis  (1) (also known as dysbacteriosis) is a disturbance of the balance of the intestinal flora. In this case, the beneficial bacteria in the gut are damaged. In that case, their numbers are reduced, and they will not be able to perform their beneficial effect, i.e., to suppress the pathogenic microbes in the intestine or to perform their additional function in the digestive process. Thus severe digestive problems can develop.

    Most of the time, suppressing pathogenic microorganisms requires an additional course of antibiotics, damaging the beneficial gut flora and creating a vicious circle. Beneficial bacteria also have a digestive function; if they are not present in the gut in sufficient numbers, certain nutrients are not digested well, and many complaints, bloating, and pain can occur during the digestive process.

    I was given Metronidazole as a therapeutic agent for a parasitic infection that I should have taken for at least ten days. For so long, because in the cystic life cycle of the parasite (Entamoeba Hystolytica), the drug only kills the developed parasite, useless in the cystic stage. Thus, there may be cysts in the intestinal wall that are in the pre-developmental location and not only the developed parasites; if cysts remain in the body, the therapy will fail.

    On the 8th evening, I started to feel dizzy and thought I had tachycardia. I didn’t take my metronidazole dose that night. After waiting for two hours, I decided I didn’t want to be alone in that state for the night, grabbed myself, got in the car, and went to my parents. I didn’t want to scare them, so I didn’t say how bad I felt, but when they saw me, they knew exactly.

     

    I was awake and terrified all night. I didn’t sleep for a minute because I had pain in my chest, and I felt tachycardia. I got up early in the morning and went to the bathroom to brush my teeth when a strange thing happened. Have you ever seen a faucet from which water flows in a different shade due to the color environment that hits the water? After brushing my teeth, I discovered a bluish water jet when I rinsed my mouth. I looked up and opened my mouth, and suddenly I couldn’t speak. My tongue was black!

    Little red bumps appeared around my mouth and nose and hurt extremely. Head to ER. An ECG, abdominal ultrasound, and CT were needed because of the entamoeba infection; it can rarely cause an abscess in the brain or liver, which can be fatal. All were negative. The diagnosis is intestinal dysbiosis which caused my tongue to blacken.
    This phenomenon exists as a black hairy tongue. Yes, it is hairy because the tongue’s papillae protrude and elongate, fortunately only temporarily. The reasons for this can be poor oral hygiene, smoking, a lot of coffee, and tea, a weak immune system, dehydration, and a long course of antibiotics, which upsets the balance of microorganisms. I think the last two might have come into play: dehydration check mark, an antibiotic-induced intestinal dysbiosis check mark….and what followed…

    Dysbiosis, Salmonella, Clostridium Difficile, SIBO, Perioralis Dermatitis, Duodenal Ulcer, Vertigo, Histamine Intolerance.

    But you probably have read the detailed story here: My gut healing story

    My Gut Healing Story

    My Gut Healing Story

    Ten years. That’s exactly how many days have passed since I decided at Christmas to finally find out what is causing the half-yearly abdominal problems and diarrhea. Three months later, it turned out that a tropical parasite, Entamoeba Histolytica (1) had caused my complaints.

    Everybody has a story. Now you can read mine, which is about how I got rid of the symptoms of dysbiosis and several other intestinal infections, including histamine intolerance, after this dangerous parasitic infection.

    Ten years ago I ate a salad at a canteen of a spring conference. When I got home, I was sure that something terrible had happened. I couldn’t get out of the bathroom for hours.  My life has radically changed since that day. It took me ten months to discover that this dangerous parasite caused my symptoms.
    Fecal fertilization is standard in the Mediterranean or Tropical zone. In early spring, most of the vegetables are imported from these areas.
    Entamoeba Hystolitica spreads with feces and can travel in cystic form for a long time, for example, on the surface of a cucumber, and can’t be washed off.
    You can eat the cyst of the parasite mainly with contaminated vegetables or drink it with water. My symptoms started 1 hour after I ate the salad containing imported, unpeeled cucumber.

    Symptoms

    The symptoms can include loose stools, stomach pain, cramping, less frequent bloody stools, and fever. In some cases, this amoeba penetrates the liver, lung, or brain and forms an abscess, which is very uncommon.

    Due to the cystic reproduction of the parasite, it is excreted from the body intermittently, i.e., when it develops, it usually causes symptoms when it is designed and can be tested in the stool. The symptoms depend on the extent of the infection.

    Treatment

    The treatment is Metronidazole and/or Tinidazole for amoebiasis. I had to take high doses of Metronidazole for ten days. The drastic extermination of this parasite has had consequences for years. I took a high amount of antibiotics, but I didn’t take any probiotics with it. Before this happened, I had been entirely healthy; I didn’t think ten days of antibiotics would determine my life that much for the next ten years. 

    After eight days of taking Metronidazole, I started to feel dizzy one night. The parasite caused sudden dizziness anyway; I thought it was the side effect of the medicine killing them. My heart was beating very hard, I had pain in my chest, I couldn’t sleep, and I realized that my tongue was blackened in the morning.

    …and what followed

    Dysbiosis

    Intestinal dysbiosis has developed due to the high-dose oral antibiotic. I was sent to abdominal and brain CT to be sure that Entamoeba had not attacked my liver or brain.

    Salmonella

    4 weeks after the Metronidazole treatment, I had become infected with Salmonella. I had to take Sulfamethoxazole to treat the infection.

    Clostridium Difficile

    2 weeks after the Salmonella infection, due to the control stool test, it turned out that I had been infected with Clostridium Difficile. I had to take probiotics only because the treatment of Clostridium Difficile is also Metronidazole or, in severe cases, Vancomycin, but the doctors knew that I was in a bad condition, so they wanted to wait 2 weeks and repeat the test after taking probiotics. Fortunately, it was negative, so there was no need to take antibiotics again.

     SIBO

    My gut was completely damaged. I was taking probiotics, and sometimes I was fine, but nothing was the same when I was completely healthy. 4 months later, I went to a wellness hotel with my husband for some days. We went to the jacuzzi and sauna every day, so we just enjoyed our stay. On the fourth day at night, I felt dizziness again, but it was extreme vertigo, and I had severe diarrhea. I felt so bad that I had to go to the ER. I got an infusion, and they sent me home. The following day I needed another injection again because of vertigo. I got better, but I wasn’t well. After one month, all food went through me undigested in 1 hour. The gastroenterologist sent me to do an H2 breath test to diagnose SIBO, but I knew immediately that I had SIBO based on the symptoms. Other symptom were extremely painful perioral dermatitis on my face and continuous pain around my liver.

    Perioral Dermatitis

    Extremely painful perioral dermatitis (POD) developed on my face due to my terrible gut health if you have POD, itis useless to treat with steroids because it always relapses until the root cause is treated.

    Duodenal Ulcer

    The SIBO was so stubborn that I got five doses of rifaximin to treat SIBO, but after the fifth dose, I developed a duodenal ulcer. If I had known about berberine, I would have skipped the fifth dose of rifaximine and replaced the antibiotics with it.

    Vertigo

    I had to go to the ER every two months because of severe vertigo. It took me five years to discover that my dizziness, lightheaded feeling, and vertigo were caused by histamine intolerance. 

    SIBO treatment

    If your SIBO always relapses, don’t give up and try something natural. It would be best if you got rid of SIBO to avoid the long-term consequence of this health issue, such as metabolic syndrome or autoimmune health problems. 

    Read the Natural Remedies of SIBO article, where you can find product recommendations with detailed descriptions and SHOP links.

    Gut and skin

    Gut and skin

    The link between gut and skin health

     

    If you have skin rashes or eczematous symptoms, you should never think it is a genetic condition.

    If you have long-term, chronic symptoms, you should not only see a dermatologist or switch to natural cosmetics but also remember that digestive problems and internal parasites could be behind the external symptoms.

    In nutritional studies, the skin has long been considered an indicator of intestinal issues and an imbalance of intestinal flora.

    To have clear, healthy skin, you should first regenerate your gut.

    Epidemiological studies show a clear link between intestinal problems and skin diseases.

    When skin problems do not respond properly to skin care treatments, the source of the problem is actually in the gut. A poorly functioning gut system can potentially exacerbate or lead to pre-existing skin conditions. Acne, rosacea, and perioral dermatitis are ten times more likely to occur with small intestinal bacterial infections (SIBO). Skin rashes occur in 14% of patients with ulcerative colitis and 24% with Crohn’s disease. Mucosal lesions, alopecia, and vitiligo are also more common in gluten sensitivity. Skin problems and acne may occur due to increased intestinal permeability (leaky gut) in inflammatory bowel disease.

    Studies have shown that intestinal inflammation and dysbiosis can impair the skin’s protective function. This condition, in turn, leads to a decrease in the number of antimicrobial peptides produced in the skin and may increase the severity of certain infections as part of the skin’s inflammatory response

    The intestinal flora influences the health of the skin

    The condition of the intestinal flora affects the health of the skin. The so-called neuropeptide substance P is produced in the intestine, brain, and skin and plays an essential role in the condition of the skin. An altered gut microbiome releases higher neuropeptide P levels in the gut and the skin. Higher levels of neuropeptide P affect lipid production and fatty acid profiles in tissues and can influence sebum production and fatty acid composition of sebum. Several studies have already demonstrated the positive effects of probiotics on the skin.

    Gut-skin axis

    “The GSA describes the relationship where the gut can influence skin health owing to its immunological and metabolic properties.52 Although it is difficult to strictly attribute a cause-and-effect relationship between the gut microbiome and dermatologic conditions, multiple studies support a connection between them with several cutaneous diseases being associated with GI disorders and vice versa.”(1)

    Several studies have already demonstrated the beneficial effects of probiotics on the skin. Fermented dairy products have a positive effect on intestinal flora, while unfermented dairy products can promote acne breakouts. However, be careful with fermented products if you suffer from SIBO. Oral probiotics reduce inflammation and systemic oxidative stress markers, which are locally elevated in acne. However, if you do not know anything about your microbiome, it is recommended to take only high-quality soil-based probiotics.

    “Gut microbiota influence the pathophysiology of acne via cross-talk between intestinal commensal bacteria and the mTOR pathway ()” (2)

    A well-balanced, nutrient-rich diet is critical to maintaining a healthy gut. If you do not have any particular intestinal problems, you can take probiotic supplements to increase the versatility of your intestinal flora.

    Quercetin, a powerful antioxidant, and a miracle molecule can still be beneficial. Since I have been taking Quercetin regularly, I have not had a single pimple, although I am sure that my intestinal flora is not 100% perfect.

    What can you do to improve your digestion and skin?

    • Avoid dairy, soy, gluten, and rapidly absorbable carbohydrates for at least 1-2 months.
    • Take probiotics daily. Preferably something that has been studied and proven to be effective. If you have intestinal problems, take only soil-based probiotics.
    • In the case of digestive problems, take regular “digestive enzymes ” to help your digestion, which will relieve your heavy stomach immediately after a large meal. If you do not take a digestive supplement, incorporate apple cider vinegar into your daily routine, preferably the unfiltered variety. After a meal, a tablespoon will help digest the food. It is important to support digestion with natural supplements when altered intestinal flora and impaired digestion slow down the digestion of food because, in this case, there is stagnation in the small intestine, which causes many unpleasant symptoms and inflammation.
    • Move around whenever you can!
    • I am thinking of something other than going to the gym every day. However, you should walk as much as possible if you do not have time to exercise. Introduce a 15-minute workout at a faster pace 3x per week to work your muscles and speed up your metabolism.
    • Take evening primrose oil, as its gamma-linolenic acid content reduces the symptoms of eczema, and take omega-3 capsules (1000 mg ) 2-3 times a day to reduce inflammatory processes.

    Stick to the above for at least 2-3 months, and follow a diet high in fiber, and you will surely see the change!

    Resources
    [1]

    https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0738081X21001930

    [2]

    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6048199/

    [3]

    https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7916842/

    [4]

    https://www.dermatologytimes.com/view/gut-bacteria-linked-to-inflammatory-skin-disease

    [5]

    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33924414/

    [6]

    Deutsch L. Evaluation of the effect of Neptune Krill Oil on chronic inflammation and arthritic symptoms. J Am Coll Nutr 2007:26:39-48.

    [7]

    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27554239/

    [8]

    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33921772/

    [9]

    https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33540138/

    [10]

    https://www.eurekalert.org/news-releases/903431

    [11]

    Demirel Ogut N. Link Between the Gut and Inflammatory Skin Disease Exposed. Accessed May 11, 2021. Published online May 7, 2021. https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2021-05/sc-tro050621.php

    [12]

    Stocum, Linda. “Gut Bacteria Linked to Inflammatory Skin Disease.” https://www.dermatologytimes.com/, 11 May 2021, www.dermatologytimes.com/view/gut-bacteria-linked-to-inflammatory-skin-disease.

    [13]

    Juhl, Christian R, et al. “Dairy Intake and Acne Vulgaris: A Systematic Review and Meta Analysis of 78,529 Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults.” Nutrients, U.S. National Library of Medicine, 9 Aug. 2018, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6115795/.

    [14]

    Sanz, Yolanda. “Effects of a Gluten-Free Diet on Gut Microbiota and Immune Function in Healthy Adult Humans.” Gut Microbes, U.S. National Library of Medicine, 2010, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3023594/.

    [15]

    Acne Vulgaris – Statpearls – NCBI Bookshelf. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459173/.

    [16]

    Demirel Ogut N. Link Between the Gut and Inflammatory Skin Disease Exposed. Accessed May 11, 2021. Published online May 7, 2021. https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2021-05/sc-tro050621.php

    [17]

    Stocum, Linda. “Gut Bacteria Linked to Inflammatory Skin Disease.” https://www.dermatologytimes.com/, 11 May 2021, www.dermatologytimes.com/view/gut-bacteria-linked-to-inflammatory-skin-disease.

    [18]

    Juhl, Christian R, et al. “Dairy Intake and Acne Vulgaris: A Systematic Review and Meta Analysis of 78,529 Children, Adolescents, and Young Adults.” Nutrients, U.S. National Library of Medicine, 9 Aug. 2018, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6115795/.

    [19]

    Sanz, Yolanda. “Effects of a Gluten-Free Diet on Gut Microbiota and Immune Function in Healthy Adult Humans.” Gut Microbes, U.S. National Library of Medicine, 2010, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3023594/.

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